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Lincoln National Corp.

LNC$35.292026-05-29
D
Quality Score
63/100

Life & Annuity Insurance. A spread-and-fee balance sheet: premiums and deposits invested against long-duration policyholder liabilities, plus fee income.

Data: statutory filings · derived · public filings (XBRL) · public filings (10-K) · market data· latest filing 2026-05-07· price 2026-05-29independently sourced

Products & Liabilities

· Source: curated SEC 10-K filing analysis· 10 of 39 tables shown
Confidence:HighMediumLow
1.1 Traditional Variable Annuities -- Without Guaranteed Living Benefits (GLBs)
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesVarious traditional VA contracts without GWB/GIB ridersMedium
SegmentAnnuitiesHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANYHigh
Liability typeSeparate Account (investment risk borne by policyholder) + PAB (fixed account option)High
GAAP account balance (12/31/2024)Separate account: $48,193M (without GLBs); PAB (VA total): portion of $35,267MHigh
FY2024 sales$1,882M (Other Variable without GLBs)High
Risk typesMarket risk (policyholder bears); lapse risk; mortality risk (GMDB if elected)High
DistributionLFD wholesale: wire/regional firms, independent financial planners, financial institutions, RIAs, managing general agentsHigh
Riders availableGDB rider available on some contractsHigh
Surrender chargesTypically applicable during early years with declining schedule over time; MVA provision on some contractsHigh
Crediting rate (fixed account)Weighted-avg 2.1% on VA PAB; indexed/payout accounts comprise $33,507M of $35,267MHigh
Guaranteed minimum (fixed account)Ranges from 1.01% to 4.01%+; $1,753M at guaranteed minimumHigh
MRBGDB net amount at risk: $686M (VA total, net of reinsurance)High
HedgingEquity index options/futures and IR swaps for GMDB riders; part of $191.7B equity market notionalHigh
ReinsuranceCeded MRB (VA): $(379)M ceded MRB assetsHigh
LifecycleActively soldHigh
Policyholder avg age (MRB)73 years (VA total)High
Variable fundsNon-managed risk funds + Managed Risk Strategies fundsHigh
1.2 Traditional Variable Annuities -- With Guaranteed Living Benefits (GLBs)
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesVA with Lincoln ProtectedPay lifetime income suite (GWB): Secure Core, Secure Core with Estate Lock, Secure Plus, Secure Max, Select Core, Select Core with Estate Lock, Select Plus, Select Max; American Legacy Target Date Income (GIB); i4LIFE Advantage Select GIB / i4LIFE Advantage Secure GIB; 4LATER Select Advantage (GIB)High
SegmentAnnuitiesHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANYHigh
Liability typeSeparate Account + PAB (fixed account) + MRB (guarantee component)High
GAAP account balance (12/31/2024)Separate account: $70,756M (with GLBs); 43.2% of total variable account balances have GLBsHigh
Net MRB position (VA, 12/31/2024)$(3,804)M net asset (asset $4,737M, liability $933M)High
FY2024 sales$3,114M (Other Variable with GLBs)High
Risk typesMarket risk (equity), interest rate risk, longevity risk (GWB/GIB), mortality risk (GDB), lapse risk, policyholder behavior risk, equity volatility riskHigh
DistributionLFD wholesale channelsHigh
GWB featuresProtected lifetime income growing at greater of specified simple rate or AV growth; income base step-ups; various deferral bonusesHigh
GIB featuresMinimum income floor guarantees (65%/75% of highest income payment); annual step-up of income baseHigh
GDB featuresReturn of: current contract value, total deposits, highest anniversary value, or earnings enhancement -- varies by productHigh
Surrender chargesDeclining schedule, typically applicable during early contract yearsHigh
MRB sensitivities (after-tax, net of reins.)Equity -10%: $(850)M; Equity +10%: $725M; IR -25bps: $(350)M; IR +25bps: $325MHigh
NAR -- GLB (net of reinsurance)$1,521MHigh
NAR -- GDB (net of reinsurance)$686MHigh
In-the-money %GDB: 8%; GLB: 17%High
HedgingPrimary VA hedge program: $191.7B equity market notional (call options $65.9B, put options $92.5B, equity futures $4.3B, TRS $26.9B) + $75.4B non-qualifying IR contracts (swaps, caps, futures)High
ReinsuranceCeded MRB: $(379)M; LNBAR reinsures VA guaranteed benefit riders via modified coinsuranceHigh
LifecycleActively soldHigh
Policyholder avg age73 yearsHigh
Fund restrictionsSecure riders: Managed Risk Strategies funds + certain fixed-income options; Select riders: restricted allocationHigh
1.3 Registered Index-Linked Annuities (RILA)
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesLincoln Level Advantage (LLA); Lincoln Level Advantage 2 (LLA2, launched 2024 with SecureLock+ feature)High
SegmentAnnuitiesHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANYHigh
Liability typePAB (embedded derivative component -- indexed crediting) + Separate Account (variable fund option on LLA)High
GAAP account balance (12/31/2024)$34,310M (RILA PAB, gross)High
Embedded derivative liability (RILA/FIA/IUL combined)$12,449M liability / $1,115M assetHigh
FY2024 sales$4,526M (largest single product line by sales)High
FY2024 gross deposits$4,526MHigh
Risk typesEquity market risk (indexed crediting), interest rate risk (option pricing), lapse riskHigh
DistributionLFD wholesale channelsHigh
Index optionsS&P 500, Russell 2000, MSCI EAFE, Capital Strength Net Fee Index, First Trust American Leadership Index, NASDAQ-100, Capital Group Growth ETF Index, Capital Group Global Growth ETF IndexHigh
Indexed account featuresParticipation rates, caps, spreads, specified rates; repriced at end of each indexed term (up to 6 years), subject to contractual guaranteesHigh
LLA2 SecureLock+Allows locking gains and resetting growth potential intra-termHigh
GDB riderAvailable: return of current contract value or total deposits adjusted for withdrawalsHigh
i4LIFE Advantage riderAvailable on LLAHigh
Surrender chargesDeclining schedule during early yearsMedium
MRB (RILA component within Fixed Annuities MRB)Net MRB: $32M liability; NAR: $240MHigh
HedgingIndex options (S&P 500 and other indices) purchased to fund indexed crediting; $65.9B call option notional includes RILA/FIA hedges; 78% of equity derivative notional matures <1 year (roll risk)High
ReinsuranceCeded embedded derivative asset: $1,115M (indexed annuity reinsurance); account balances reinsured: $(5)MHigh
LifecycleActively sold -- fastest-growing product lineHigh
1.4 Fixed Annuities -- Traditional Fixed-Rate Deferred
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesSingle premium fixed deferred annuities; flexible premium fixed deferred annuitiesHigh
SegmentAnnuitiesHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANYHigh
Liability typePAB (general account)High
GAAP account balance (12/31/2024)Portion of fixed annuity total: $25,963M PAB (includes FIA below)High
FY2024 salesPortion of $4,205M total fixed annuity salesHigh
Risk typesInterest rate risk (spread compression), lapse/disintermediation risk, credit risk (GA portfolio)High
DistributionLFD wholesale channelsHigh
Crediting rateWeighted-avg 3.1% on fixed annuity PABHigh
Guaranteed minimumsRange from <1.00% to 4.01%+; $3,813M at guaranteed minimum rate (15% of fixed PAB)High
Market value adjustment (MVA)Most policies have MVA provision within surrender charge period to protect against disintermediationHigh
Surrender chargesDeclining schedule during early yearsHigh
ReinsuranceSignificant: Fortitude Re (coinsurance, non-life-contingent annuities, $3.0B deposit asset); Commonwealth ($9.5B deposit asset); Athene ($2.1B deposit asset, modco)High
HedgingInterest rate swaps hedge duration mismatch; no equity-linked componentMedium
LifecycleActively soldHigh
1.5 Fixed Indexed Annuities (FIA)
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesFixed indexed deferred annuities (multiple index options)High
SegmentAnnuitiesHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANYHigh
Liability typePAB (embedded derivative -- indexed crediting); portion within fixed annuity PAB of $25,963M; "Other (indexed/payout/etc.)" = $12,898M within fixed annuity crediting rate tableHigh
Risk typesEquity market risk (indexed crediting), interest rate risk, lapse riskHigh
DistributionLFD wholesale channelsHigh
Index optionsS&P 500, S&P 500 Daily Risk Control 5%/10%, J.P. Morgan First Trust Balanced Capital Strength 5/6, BlackRock Dynamic Allocation, Fidelity AIM Dividend IndexHigh
Indexed creditGuaranteed never less than zero; participation rates, caps, spreads repriced at renewal datesHigh
Surrender chargesDeclining schedule, with MVA provisionHigh
Embedded derivative liabilityIncluded in $12,449M RILA/FIA/IUL combined embedded derivative liabilityHigh
HedgingIndex options purchased to fund indexed crediting obligations; part of $65.9B call option notionalHigh
ReinsuranceIncluded in fixed annuity reinsurance to Fortitude Re, Commonwealth, AtheneMedium
LifecycleActively soldHigh
1.6 Payout Annuities (Immediate and Deferred Income)
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesFixed-rate immediate annuities; deferred income annuities; lifetime income optionsHigh
SegmentAnnuitiesHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANYHigh
Liability typeFPB (LFPB -- life-contingent payout); PAB (non-life-contingent)High
GAAP reserve (FPB, 12/31/2024)$2,009M (Payout Annuities LFPB)High
Risk typesLongevity risk, interest rate riskHigh
Discount ratesInterest accretion: 4.0%; current discount: 5.4%High
Weighted-avg duration9 yearsHigh
ReinsuranceFPB reinsurance recoverables: $1,477M (payout annuities); Fortitude Re coinsurance includes life-contingent payout annuitiesHigh
HedgingInterest rate swaps/bonds for duration matchingMedium
LifecycleActively sold (as payout option)High
2.1 Universal Life (UL) -- Fixed Crediting
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesTraditional UL products (multiple generations); Lincoln Premier BOLI UL (bank-owned); Lincoln WealthPreserve SIUL (survivorship)High
SegmentLife InsuranceHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANY, FPP (run-off)High
Liability typePAB (general account) + FPB (UL additional liability / secondary guarantee reserve)High
GAAP PAB (UL and Other total, 12/31/2024)$36,599M (includes UL, IUL, VUL, MoneyGuard fixed account)High
GAAP FPB (UL and Other, 12/31/2024)$16,062MHigh
FY2024 sales (IUL/UL)$100MHigh
NAR (UL and Other total)$297,555MHigh
Risk typesMortality risk, lapse risk, interest rate risk (spread compression), longevity risk (secondary guarantees)High
DistributionLFD wholesale: wire/regional firms, independent planners, financial institutions, managing general agentsHigh
Crediting rateWeighted-avg 4.0% on UL and Other PABHigh
Guaranteed minimums71% ($26.0B) of UL PAB at guaranteed minimum; ranges from <1% to 4.01%+; significant concentration at 3.01%-4.00% ($15.1B)High
Surrender charges0-25 years depending on productHigh
Secondary guaranteesLifetime secondary guarantee: policy stays in force even if base cash value is zero, subject to minimum premium or reference value test; discontinued new sales in 2022 for UL with lifetime secondary guaranteesHigh
ReinsuranceFortitude Re coinsurance: ULSG block ($10.6B recoverable); UL additional liability reinsurance recoverables: $5,211M; Resolution Life coinsurance: $4.9B (executive benefit + UL); YRT/MRT with LNBARHigh
HedgingInterest rate contracts for ALM; no equity-linked hedgingMedium
LifecycleActively sold (non-ULSG); ULSG block closed to new sales (2022)High
2.2 Indexed Universal Life (IUL)
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesLincoln WealthPreserve IUL; Lincoln WealthAccumulate IUL; Lincoln WealthPreserve SIUL (survivorship IUL); replacement IUL products expected 2025High
SegmentLife InsuranceHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANYHigh
Liability typePAB (embedded derivative -- indexed crediting component) + FPB (additional liability)High
GAAP account balanceIncluded within UL and Other PAB of $36,599M; "Other (indexed/etc.)" portion = $6,585MHigh
FY2024 salesIncluded within IUL/UL $100MHigh
Risk typesEquity market risk (indexed crediting), mortality risk, lapse risk, interest rate riskHigh
DistributionLFD wholesale channelsHigh
Index optionsS&P 500 and other indices (similar to FIA)High
Indexed creditGuaranteed floor of zero on indexed portion; participation rates, caps, spreads repriced at renewalHigh
Embedded derivativeIncluded in $12,449M RILA/FIA/IUL combined embedded derivative liabilityHigh
HedgingIndex options to fund indexed crediting; part of equity market derivative bookHigh
ReinsuranceYRT mortality reinsurance; included in life insurance reinsurance programMedium
LifecycleActively soldHigh
2.3 Variable Universal Life (VUL)
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesLincoln AssetEdge VUL (single life); Lincoln AssetEdge VUL (survivorship); Lincoln Premier VUL BOLI; Lincoln Premier VUL COLI; Lincoln Corporate Exec COLI; Private Placement VULHigh
SegmentLife InsuranceHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANYHigh
Liability typeSeparate Account + PAB (fixed account option) + FPB (secondary guarantee reserve)High
GAAP separate account (UL and Other, 12/31/2024)$28,841MHigh
FY2024 sales$85MHigh
Risk typesMarket risk (policyholder bears in sep acct), mortality risk, lapse risk, interest rate risk (fixed account)High
DistributionLFD wholesale; BOLI/COLI via specialized intermediaries to banks and mid-to-large corporationsHigh
Surrender charges0-20 years depending on productHigh
Secondary guaranteesVUL with lifetime secondary guarantee: discontinued new sales in 2024; existing in-force block continuesHigh
HedgingVUL hedging program (partial hedge for guaranteed benefits); changes in reserves from VUL hedging excluded from adjusted operationsHigh
ReinsuranceResolution Life coinsurance: executive benefit and UL policies ($4.9B recoverable, includes VUL-related); YRT mortalityHigh
LifecycleActively sold (non-VULSG); VULSG closed to new sales (2024)High
2.4 MoneyGuard (Linked-Benefit Life/LTC)
AttributeDetailConfidence
Product namesLincoln MoneyGuard (UL-based); MoneyGuard Market Advantage (VUL-based)High
SegmentLife InsuranceHigh
Issuing entitiesLNL, LLANYHigh
Liability typePAB (general account, UL-based) + Separate Account (VUL-based) + FPB (LTC benefit reserve)High
FY2024 sales$128MHigh
Risk typesMortality risk, morbidity risk (LTC claims), lapse risk, interest rate risk, longevity riskHigh
DistributionLFD wholesale channelsHigh
Product featuresUL or VUL with LTC rider; policyholder can accelerate death benefit on tax-free basis for qualified LTC needs; additional pool for LTC expenses beyond death benefit; reduced death benefit to beneficiary if LTC used; death benefit or LTC payable even if AV = $0 (subject to secondary guarantee requirements)High
Critical illness riderAvailable on IUL/VUL policies; lump sum accelerated death benefitHigh
Surrender chargesApplicable during early years, decliningMedium
ReinsuranceFortitude Re coinsurance with funds withheld: $8.1B deposit asset (MoneyGuard block); LNBAR coinsurance (MoneyGuard blocks): $12B STAT recoverable from LNBAR as of 12/31/2023High
HedgingInterest rate contracts for duration matching on general account portionMedium
LifecycleActively soldHigh